1330: Faclair Armstrong (1)
Litir sheachdaineach do luchd-ionnsachaidh le clàr-fuaime, tar-sgrìobhadh is mìneachadh. A weekly letter to Gaelic learners with audio, transcription and explanation.
Tha an litir ag obrachadh leis an fhaclair. Tagh an taba ‘teacsa Gàidhlig’ agus tagh facal sam bith san teacsa agus fosglaidh am faclair ann an taba ùr agus bidh mìneachadh den fhacal ann. The letter is integrated with the dictionary. Select the tab ‘Gaelic text’ and choose any word and the dictionary will open and you will see the English explanation of the Gaelic word.
Faclair Armstrong (1)
Ann an Litir mìle, naochad ʼs a sia (1096), bha mi ag innse dhuibh mu Raibeart Gilleasbuig Armstrong, fear-teagaisg agus faclairiche à Siorrachd Pheairt. Rinn e faclair Gàidhlig ainmeil ann an ochd ceud deug is còig air fhichead (1825). Thug sinn sùil air faclan fillte bhon fhaclair sin ann an Litrichean seachd ceud, seachdad ʼs a còig (775) agus seachd ceud, seachdad ʼs a sia (776). Leis gu bheil am faclair dà cheud bliadhna a dh’aois am-bliadhna, shaoil mi gum biodh e iomchaidh agus inntinneach sùil às ùr a thoirt air.
Tha mi a’ dol a thaghadh faclan a tha a’ tòiseachadh le gach litir dhen aibidil. An toiseach, am facal àille. Tha e a’ ciallachadh ‘beauty, handsomeness, comeliness’. Tha Armstrong a’ toirt dhuinn dà eisimpleir: thàinig i na h-àille ‘she came in her beauty’ agus àille talmhaidh ‘earthly beauty’. Às àille, tha sinn a’ faighinn nam faclan àilleach ‘beautiful’ agus àilleachd ‘beauty’.
Tha àilleag a’ ciallachadh ‘pretty young maid’ agus tha àillean a’ ciallachadh ‘a young beau’. Tha am facal àilleagan ann cuideachd – ‘a term of affection for a young person; a pretty maid’ agus cuideachd ‘a little jewel’. Àilleagan. Tha àilleanta a’ ciallachadh ‘beautiful, handsome,’ agus tha àilleantachd ann cuideachd – ‘personal beauty’. Agus àillidh ‘bright, resplendent, beauteous, fair’.
A-nise, an litir ‘b’. Tha mi air ainm-àite a thaghadh – Baile-Mhòid le ‘mhòid’ air a litreachadh M-H-O fada-I-D. Tha e a’ ciallachadh ‘Rothesay, literally, the town where the court of justice is held’. Dh’fhaodamaid eadhon a ràdh ‘the town where the Mod is held’! Co-dhiù, tha sin inntinneach oir, anns an latha an-diugh, tha na sgoilearan ag ràdh gur e Rothesay Baile Bhòid le ‘b’, a’ ciallachadh ‘the town of Bute’. Chaidh a chlàradh mar sin ann am bàrdachd Ghàidhlig aig deireadh an ochdamh linn deug.
Fon litir ‘c’, tha mi air facal gu math feumail a thaghadh – caog. Tha caog na ainmear agus na ghnìomhair. Tha e a’ ciallachadh ‘wink’ no ‘take aim by shutting the eye’ – rud a bhios boghadair a’ dèanamh. Tha e cuideachd a’ ciallachadh ‘connive’.
Tha am faclairiche a’ toirt na h-abairt seo dhuinn: caog ris ‘wink at him’. Agus tha faclan eile stèidhichte air caog – leithid caogach ‘winking, squint-eyed’, caogadh ‘a winking, a conniving’, caog-shùil ‘an eye that winks, a squint eye’ agus caog-shùileach ‘squint-eyed, winking, blinking’. Caog-shùileach.
A-nise an litir ‘d’. A bheil sibh a’ tuigsinn seo – dearg-shùil? ʼS e facal fillte a th’ ann, air a dhèanamh de dearg agus sùil. Tuigidh sibh gu bheil e a’ ciallachadh ‘red eye, bloodshot eye’.
Agus, fon litir ‘e’, tha mi air seo a thaghadh – eudach. E-U-D-A-C-H. Tha eudach a’ ciallachadh ‘jealous’ no ‘zealous’. Ach, ann am faclair Armstrong, tha e cuideachd a’ ciallachadh ‘clothes, dress, garment ...’ Tha e a’ cur nar cuimhne gun robh eudach na sheann riochd air an fhacal aodach.
Faclan na Litreach: aille: beauty, handsomeness; ailleag: pretty young maid; caog: wink, take aim by shutting the eye; caog-shùileach: squint-eyed, winking, blinking; dearg-shùil: red or bloodshot eye; eudach: jealous.
Abairtean na Litreach: fear-teagaisg agus faclairiche à Siorrachd Pheairt: a teacher and lexicographer from Perthshire; thug sinn sùil air faclan fillte: we looked at compound words (nouns); leis gu bheil am faclair dà cheud bliadhna a dh’aois am-bliadhna: as the dictionary is two hundred years old this year; faclan a tha a’ tòiseachadh le gach litir dhen aibidil: words that start with each letter of the alphabet; chaidh a chlàradh mar sin ann am bàrdachd Ghàidhlig aig deireadh an ochdamh linn deug: it was recorded as that in Gaelic poetry at the end of the eighteenth century; tha X na ainmear agus na ghnìomhair: X is a noun and a verb; rud a bhios boghadair a’ dèanamh: something an archer does; bhon ainmear, tha sinn a’ faighinn a’ bhuadhair: from the noun we get the adjective; tha e a’ cur nar cuimhne gun robh eudach na sheann riochd air an fhacal aodach: it reminds us that ‘eudach’ is an old form of the word ‘aodach’.
Puing-chànain na Litreach: ochd ceud deug is còig air fhichead: this is an ‘older’ way of expressing 1825 compared to a common ‘modern’ mode – ochd ceud deug, fichead ʼs a còig. However, the ‘older’ mode is still common in the community. Here are some examples – seachd air fhichead bliadhna a dh’aois ‘27 years of age’; rugadh e ann an naoi ceud deug is trì air fhichead ‘he was born in 1923; tha iad còig bliadhn’ deug air fhichead a dh’aois ‘they are 35 years of age’.
Gnàthas-cainnt na Litreach: shaoil mi gum biodh e iomchaidh agus inntinneach sùil às ùr a thoirt air: I thought it would be fitting and interesting to have a new look at it.
Tha “Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh” air a maoineachadh le MG ALBA
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Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh
This letter corresponds to Tha an Litir seo a’ buntainn ri An Litir Bheag 1026
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