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1025: Uilleam Speirs Bruce (2)

Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh - Eadar-mheadhanach Adhartach (B2)
Letter to Learners - Upper Intermediate (B2)

Litir sheachdaineach do luchd-ionnsachaidh le clàr-fuaime, tar-sgrìobhadh is mìneachadh. A weekly letter to Gaelic learners with audio, transcription and explanation.

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Uilleam Speirs Bruce (2)

Gaelic Gàidhlig

Bha mi ag innse dhuibh mu Uilleam Speirs Brus, a bha os cionn triall nàiseanta Albannach don Antartaig ann an naoi ceud deug ʼs a dhà (1902). Ràinig a shoitheach, an Scotia, deigh thiugh aig seachdad ceum deas air a’ chrios-mheadhan, agus thill iad do dh’Arcaibh a Deas. Chuir iad ionad-rannsachaidh air chois an sin – a tha a’ dol fhathast.

Chaidh an Scotia gu Buenos Aires airson tuilleadh bathair fhaighinn air bòrd. Aig toiseach naoi ceud deug is ceithir (1904), chaidh i gu deas a-rithist, gu ruige Muir Weddell. Bha i ann airson dà mhìos mus do thill i a dh’Alba.

Rinn Brus agus a chompanaich tòrr rannsachaidh – air an aimsir, air a’ mhuir agus air fiadh-bheatha. Tha feadhainn dhen bheachd gun do chruthaich iad bunait airson rannsachadh air atharrachadh anns a’ ghnàth-thìde.

Bha Brus air a bhith a’ cruinneachadh stuth thairis air còrr is deich bliadhna agus bha e feumach air àite airson a stòradh. Fhuair e àite ann an Dùn Èideann. Chuir e an t-ainm air The Scottish Oceanographical Laboratory. Chaidh fhosgladh gu h-oifigeil le caraid aig Brus, Prionnsa Albert Mhonaco, ann an naoi ceud deug ʼs a sia (1906).

Ceithir bliadhna an dèidh sin, chuir Brus plana air adhart airson triall mòr Albannach don Antartaig. Bha e ag iarraidh buidheann a chur air aon taobh dhen mhòr-thìr, agus buidheann eile fhàgail air an taobh thall dhith. Bhiodh gach buidheann a’ cur seachad a’ gheamhraidh anns na h-àiteachan sin. Bhiodh aon bhuidheann an uair sin a’ dol tarsainn na h-Antartaig, thairis air a’ Phòla a Deas, a’ faighinn taic bhon bhuidhinn eile. Bha e a’ dol a chosg caogad mìle not.

Fhuair e taic bho Chomann Rìoghail Cruinn-eòlais na h-Alba agus bho Chomann Rìoghail Dhùn Èideann. Ach cha d’ fhuair e taic sam bith bhon Chomann Rìoghail ann an Lunnainn. Bha iadsan a’ toirt an taic do Raibeart Scott. Bha esan a’ dèanamh deiseil airson a dhol gu deas a-rithist. Agus cha deach Brus air adhart le a phlana.

Ged a rugadh is thogadh e ann an Sasainn, bha Brus na nàiseantach Albannach. Dh’fhaodadh a theanga a bhith biorach nam biodh daoine eile a’ dèanamh dì-meas air Alba. Agus bha teanga bhiorach aige co-dhiù!

Tha cuid dhen bheachd gu bheil e mì-chothromach gun d’ fhuair a h-uile ball a chaidh don Antartaig fo bhratach an Aonaidh Bonn Pòlach. Ach nach d’ fhuair buill dhen triall Albannach sgath. Fhuair Brus tòrr dhuaisean ann an Alba fhèin agus bonn bho Chomann Cruinn-eòlais Ameireagaidh.

Bha Brus ann an Spitsbergen – no Svalbard – aig toiseach an linn. Lorg e gual is iarainn an sin. Chuir e companaidh air dòigh – The Scottish Spitsbergen Syndicate – airson mèinneadh a leasachadh. Ach chuir a’ Chiad Chogadh stad air sin agus, an dèidh a’ chogaidh, bha am Brusach ro thinn airson cumail a dol leis.

Dhùin an t-ionad saidheans-mara aige air sgàth cion airgid. Chaidh an stuth a bha na bhroinn gu taighean-tasgaidh eile ann an Alba. Chaochail Brus ann an Dùn Èideann ann an naoi ceud deug ʼs aon air fhichead (1921). Chaidh a luaithre a sgaoileadh anns a’ mhuir far costa South Georgia.

Tha mòran air dìochuimhneachadh mu Uilleam Speirs Brus an-diugh. Ma tha ìomhaigh ann dheth ann an àite poblach ann an Alba, chan aithne dhòmhs’ e.

Faclan na Litreach: Uilleam Speirs Brus: William Speirs Bruce; fiadh-bheatha:wildlife; Comann Rìoghail Cruinn-eòlais na h-Alba: The Royal Scottish Geographical Society; gual: coal; iarann: iron; mèinneadh: mining; tinn: sick.

Abairtean na Litreach: os cionn triall nàiseanta Albannach don Antartaig: in charge of a national Scottish expedition to the Antarctic; thill iad do dh’Arcaibh a Deas: they returned to South Orkney; chuir iad ionad-rannsachaidh air chois an sin – a tha a’ dol fhathast: they established a research institute there – which still exists; airson tuilleadh bathair fhaighinn air bòrd: to bring more goods on board; gun do chruthaich iad bunait airson rannsachadh air atharrachadh anns a’ ghnàth-thìde: that they established a basis for researching climate change; bha e feumach air àite airson a stòradh: he needed a place to store it; buidheann eile fhàgail air an taobh thall dhith: to leave another group on the other side of it; a’ cur seachad a’ gheamhraidh: spending the winter; tarsainn na h-Antartaig, thairis air a’ Phòla a Deas: across the Antarctic, over the South Pole; cha deach Brus air adhart le a phlana: Bruce didn’t go ahead with his plan; dh’fhaodadh a theanga a bhith biorach: his tongue could be sharp; nam biodh daoine a’ dèanamh dì-meas air Alba: if people were showing disrespect to Scotland; gun d’ fhuair a h-uile ball a chaidh don Antartaig fo bhratach an Aonaidh Bonn Pòlach: that every member that went to the Antarctic under the Union Flag received a Polar Medal; nach d’ fhuair buill dhen triall Albannach sgath: that the members of the Scottish expedition didn’t receive anything; dhùin an t-ionad saidheans-mara aige air sgàth cion airgid: his oceanographic institute closed because of a lack of money; chaidh a luaithre a sgaoileadh anns a’ mhuir far costa X: his ashes were scattered in the sea off the coast of X; tha mòran air dìochuimhneachadh: many [people] have forgotten.

Puing-chànain na Litreach: seachdad ceum deas air a’ chrios-mheadhan: seventy degrees south of the equator . Ceum is an interesting word. As well as meaning a ‘step, pace’, it also stands for the English ‘degree’ in education and in measures (eg temperature, angle).

Gnàthas-cainnt na Litreach : Ma tha ìomhaigh ann dha ann an àite poblach ann an Alba, chan aithne dhòmhs’ e: if there is a statue of him in a public place in Scotland, I don’t know it.

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Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh

This letter corresponds to Tha an Litir seo a’ buntainn ri An Litir Bheag 721

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